Internal-combustion engine



4 Sheets-Sheet l May 29,1923:

H. FL GAWNE INTERNAL GOMBUISTION .ENGINE Filed May 8, 1922 Orkut Jv ll May 29, V923.

1455976 H. F. GWNE WTERNALv COMBUSTION ENGINE .Filed May 8, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 29, 1.923.

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May 29, 1923.`

\ H. F. GAWNE INTERNAL CoMBUs'iIoN ENGIN Filed May 1922 4 Sheets-S`neet i. the direction of the arrow'toward` Fig. 14.'

Patented Maiy 29, 1923.

UNrrs HOWARD F. GVAWNE, OF EUCLID VILLAGE. OHIO.

INTRNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application 1aed May's,

' vide an improved engine ot the l'o'ur cycle double acting t vpe. aud in'which sleeve vulves are employed for controlling the fuelv supply and the exhaust. and this` object is accomplished b v or is embodied .in a novel construction with. respect to a cylinder head whichtelescopes within-a hollow piston, without the use of the conventional piston rod. stufling box and cross head. and all of the ports controlling the inlet and exhaust to and from opposite sid'es'of the piston are 'governed b v means ot` two moving sleeves operated by a valve shaft. 'lhe engine therefore has the advantages and effectiveness of' the double Vacting type and also of the sleeve .valve type.

Onefemliodiment ofthe invention is illustratcd in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. lis a vertical or longitudinal cross `section ofthe engine. Fig. 2 is a sectionop the line 2&2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is :i vertical section ou the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the piston. Fig. 5 is a section on the lineif ot Fig. 4. Fig. (i is au elevation. of a fixed sleeve having ports. Fig. T is'an elevation ot' the same. turned 90"'. and looking in the direction of therarrow toward Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is an end view of the same.l Fig. 9 is an elevation of the lower or inner cylinder head. Fig. 10 is a bottoni end view oi' the same. Fig. 11 is un elevation of the outer valve sleeve. Fig. 12 is an elevation of the. same turned 90 `'and looking in the. direction ofthe arrow toward Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a bottom end View of the same. Fig. 14 is an elevation of theinner sleeve valve. Figa 15 is an eleva-- tion of the same turned 90 and looking in Fig. 16 is a bottom end view of the inner sleeve valve c The outer cylinder wall is indicated at 16, andthis is cored for the Water jacket 17 which may be suitably disposed for cooling 1922. Serial No. 559,342.

purposes. The outer head or crown'lS is deprcsstal to provide space for one of the spark plligs l). which is set in a suitable hole in the cupped' head '22H which also forms the iniierigllide for the upper end lot the valve sleeves. the outer `guide consisting the opposite wall section of the cylinder. The c vlinder is mounted on a crank. case`21 which lna \v be made in sectionsfand Vacross which extends the crank shaft- 22 the intermediate section ot which has a flange 23 projecting inwardl'vand supporting a fixed sleeve i5 which is flanged at the bottornnd ma h e suitahhY mounted on or boltedto the flange 23. This fixed' sleeve projects' upward-ly within the c vlinder 16 to near the top thereof. and is spaced therefronnand is provide'd with a lower inlet portla and eX- haustl port 15" and an upper inlet 15C and exhaust 'port ll'. 0n one side of the cylinder is an intake manifold Z-t. with a branch 25 in line with the port 15 and a braiich 26 in line with the port 15"'. The opposite side ot' the c vlinder hasan exhaust manifold 27 with a branch 2S in line with the port 15b and another branch 29 in line with the port 15d.

Alsoanountcd on the flange 23 or on a vspacing plate 23 fixed thereto is an inner or lower head 1t). This is hollow, and the lower parts of itssides are slotted :is indicatedat 1l).' lt majvlie held in place: by bolts through vlugs l0" at the bottom thereof; and this head is siiaced Jfrom the fixed sleeve 15 intowhich it projects. and it has snit-able groovesv 10"- for 'pa cking v rings.

The piston head is indicated at 1, and. itis fixed to or provided with a skirt or cylindrical extension 2 which reciprocates in the space between the head 10 and an inner sleeve valve-3. The skirt ot the piston has bearings 2 for the wrist pin 2b by which `the connecting rod 30 isl connected to the crank 3l of the crankshaft 22. said bearingsbeing` connected by knuckles or boss brackets 12 to the shell or4 skirt of the piston; andthes'e *knuckles extend and work 10El in the sides of the lower cylinder head, so that the Wrist pin and connecting rod may be positioned inside 'of said head. This constructionproduces a. combustionchamfber on each side of..or above and below, the iston'head 1, and the piston isl reciprocated Ey the combustion of fuel in these chambers.

'ico through the slots The skirt of the piston has on one-side an elongated inlet slot 2b, and on the opposite side an elongated exhaust slot 2, which may heV connected to the inlet a'nd exhaust inanifolds by the ports in the sleeve valves.

The inner valve 3 has a lower inlet ort 3 and exhaust port 3b and an upper inlet port 3C and exhaust port 3, and this sleeve valve reciprocates between. the fixed. sleeve l5 and the skirt 2 of the piston.

Theouter sleeve valve 4; has a lower inlet port la and exhaust portalb and an upper inlet port -l-C and exhaust port el, and this valve reciprocates between the ixed sleeve l5 and the cylinder wall 16.

Each valve is operated hy a knuckle connection to a connecting rofl 34 and valvey crank shaft 35 driven by gearing 36 from the main crank shaft 22., properly set and timed.v to produce' the operations to he described. The lovver end or" the sleeve l5 is slotted in at 1.5c for the knuckle of the inner sleeve.

The oil system includes an oil pump 4() driven from the valve sha'tt and delivering through a. pipe Ll-l to an annular'charnber 42 which has a port 43 adapted to supply eil to or through small holes e4 in the outer sleeve, 45a in the fixed sleeve'. 46a in the inner sleeve to the adjacent surfaces ot these .parte respectively, the holes in the valve sleeves being sufficiently large to give time for oil to enter between the contacting surfaces or" the sleeves as the parts reciprocate, the various ports being so located that they will register to provide anoil passage during part of each reciprocation. That is.l they are all in the saine longitudinal line, lout they are out of line with the fuel ports. The respective sleeves are also provided vvith ports 4a, 45, 46 and the piston has a port el? so located that they all register at the tiring time ot the lower chamber with a recess in the cylinder Wall in which is set, sidevvise, the lower spark plug 50, as shown inlig. 2, so that the charge Within the barrel 2 ot the piston may be tired.

The throw of the valve shalt cranks? and the ports in the various valves and sleeves are such, that as the sleeves and the piston reciprocate the c vcle of the engine ivill he maintained. In one position. the inlet pas sage 26 is connected through the ports Ll in the outer valve, l5c in the fixed sleeve, and 3c in the inner sleeve, to the upper conibustion chamber, on'the suction stroke. and during compression these ports are closed and remain closed during the tiring stroke, at the end of which the ports 3d. l5 and are registered to permit exhaust into the eltvhaust passage 27.

ln the-lower combustion chamber the corresponding operation occurs. t the suction stroke the p, ts 4a. 15a and 3a are registered Wim a slot 2 in the piston, therein, admitrasante ting a charge from the inlet Qvto the lower chamber between the piston head and the iixed head lO, and att-er compression and firing the exhaust takes place through the slot c, ports 3b, l5" and Ll" to the exhaust passage 28, this position being shown in Fig. l.

T he various other adjacentand attachments of the engine may be such as arc suitable or as are found in existing gas engine practice, and no description is considered necessary. The invention is not limited to thc particular construction shown but may be varied in different ways, within the scope ol' thc invention.

l claim:

l. ln a double acting internal combustion engine. the combination of a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports at cach end thereof. a tixed head projecting into one end of the cylinder and spaced from the wall thereof., a hollen1 piston in the cylinder` titting around 'and reciprocating onsaid tixed head. u fixed sleeve between the piston and the cylinder wall, an inner sleeve valve between the piston and the fixed sleeve. an outer sleeve valve between the fixed sleeve and the cylinder'ivall, said sleeve and sleeve valves all having spaced sets of inlet and exhaust ports adapted to be registered with the cylinder ports, and the piston having inlet and exhaust slots registering with the said ports, and means to operate said valves.

Q. n a double acting internal combustion engine. the combination with a cylinder and a hollow piston therein, of sleeve valves surrounding the piston and having ports controlling inlet to and exhaust from opposite sides ot the piston, and an igniter set in the side of the cylinder, the piston and sleeve valves having openings which register to connect the interior ot 'the piston and the igniter at the tiring period.

3. ln a double acting internal combustion engine, the combination ot' a c vlinder having inlet and exhaust ports at each end thereof, a lixed head projecting into one end ot the cylinder and spaccd'troin the ivall thereof. a hollow piston in the cylinder, fitting around and reciprocating on said lixed head. a fixed sleeve between the piston and the c vlinder Wall, an inner sleeve valve between thc piston and the fixed sleeve. an outer sleeve valve between the fixed sleeve and the c vlinder vvall, 'said sleeve and sleeve valves all having spaced of inlet and exhaust ports adapted to be registered with the cylinder ports, and the piston having inlet and exhaust slots registering with the seid ports, and to nperate said valves, and an igniter set in the side of the cylinder, said piston fined sleeve and sleeve valves having openings which 'register and connect the interior ot the piston and the igniter at the tiring period,

l in one end of the cylinder and spaced therefrom, the side walls of said head being slotted, a'nd a hollow piston telescopin on said ead and reciprocating in the cylin e1', and a connecting rod having a wrist pin attachment to the side Walls of the piston, said attachm'ent extending through the slots.

5. In a double acting engine,'the combination with a cylinder, of a hollow head fitting in one end of thecylinder and spaced therefrom, the side walls of said head being slotted, a hollow piston telescoping on said head and reciprocating in the cylinder, avconnecting rod having a wrist pin attachment to the side walls ofthe piston, said attachment exment to the side 30 tending through the slots, andV sleeve "valves reciprocating between the piston andthe wall of the ,cylinder and controlling-the inlet to4 -andthe exhaust from y the same.

6. Ina double acting engine, the combination with a cylinder, of a hollow head fitting in one vend of the cylinder and spaced therefrom, the side walls of said head being slotted, a hollow piston telescoping onv said head and reciprocating in the cylinder, a connectinc` rod having awrist pin attachwalls of the piston, said attachxnent extending through the slots, and

sleeve valves reciprocating between the pis-` ton and the wall of the cylinder and controlling., the inlet to and the exhaust from the same, the endof'the cylinder opposite the saidrhead having an annular gulde for the ends of the sleeve valves.

7. In a double acting internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports at each end thereof, a hollow head projecting into the cylinder and spaced at its sides from the cylinder wall, a fixed sleeve extendin `in the space between said head and the cylinder wall and through-out the length of the cylinder, a

hollow piston reciprocating in the cylinder and having a tubular skirt working' in the space between the fixed sleeve and sa Yl head, an inner sleeve valve extending through-out the length of the cylinder and working between the piston and the fixed sleeve, and

anfouter sleeve valve extending through-out the length' of the cylinder and working be- 1e` fixed sleeve and the cylinder wall,

tween t said skirt,A sleeve and sleeve valves having 'sleeve valve through the slot in the -fixed sleeve, said ving rod end, the head having register at the firing period, and an oil p'a'ss es lng` into said ports-inl the sleeve valves and age in the cylinder wall, having a port openplston.

9. 'In a double acting internal combustion engine,` the combination of the cylinder and spaced thereof, said head having slotted side walls,` a hollow piston in-the cylinder, having side `walls telescoping on said head, a connecting 'rod working inthe hollow head and connectpiston having i a cylinder having linlet and-exhaust ports at each end thereof, a hollow vfixed head projecting Iinto one end of,

from the side wall ed to the side walls of the piston through said slots, a fixed sleeve spaced from said head and surrounding the same and having a slot, an inner sleeve valvel extending within the cylinder and between said-fixed sleeve and the piston,a-nd an outer sleeve valve extending within the c linder and between said fixed sleeve a`nd tile cylinder wall, the inner having-a knuckle extending sleeve valves, sleeve and 'stonhaving ports adapted to register with t einlet and exhaust y' ports in the cylinder.

10. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder, the head in'one -end of the cylinder being provided with an interior space for the passage of the connectno opening in itstransverse wall, al skirted piston inthe cylinder, means for rod end to the skirt of the piston, the piston being exterior to' the head, and a system of valve sleeves concentric with the head and the How of. gases to and' from the spaces on the opposite sides of the adapted to control transverse wall of the lston.

In testimony whereo in presence of two witnesses.

g HOWARD E. GAWNEQ Witnesses:

JOHN A. BOMMHARDT,

Bassin F. POLLAK.

attaching the connecting I affix my signature i 

